tropism
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Systematic Review of Facet Tropism in the Lumbar Spine

Goal of the Study? Facet tropism (asymmetrical orientation of the apophyseal joints greater than 7 degrees) is common in the lumbar spine. And because facet joints play a crucial role in stabilizing motion segments, alteration in their orientation…
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Research progress diagnosing methodology for lumbar segmental instability

Goal of the Study? In this systematic review and meta-analysis article from the open-access journal Medicine [1. Research progress of diagnosing methodology for lumbar segmental instability], the authors’ goal was to examine published literature…
Centre of Rotation
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ISSLS Prize in Bioengineering Science 2021: in vivo sagittal motion of the lumbar spine in low back pain patients – a radiological big data study

Goal of the Study? In this study [1. ISSLS Prize in Bioengineering Science 2021: in vivo sagittal motion of the lumbar spine in low back pain patients – a radiological big data study], the authors investigated the flexion-extension range…
Facet pain
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The Prevalence of “Pure” Lumbar Zygapophysial Joint Pain in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain

Goal of the Study? The objective of this study [1.The Prevalence of “Pure” Lumbar Zygapophysial Joint Pain in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain], is to determine the prevalence of “pure” lumbar Z joint pain.   Why are…
spondylolysis
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Does facet joint morphology affect the development of spondylolysis?

Goal of the Study? The goal of this study [1. Does facet joint morphology affect the development of spondylolysis] is to better understand whether the morphology of the facet joint contributes to spondylolysis.   Why are they doing…
vacuum sign
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Vacuum sign indicating hypermobility? Degenerative Spondylolisthesis Study

Vacuum sign is a common radiological finding. It is also referred to as a vacuum phenomenon and often associated with degenerative spinal discs, knee joints, hip joints, and shoulder joints.  Degenerative spondylolisthesis is a spinal condition…
Zygapophyseal Joint Pain in Chronic Whiplash Patients
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Study Finds Evidence Chronic WAD Sensory Hypersensitivity Linked to Cervical Zygapophyseal Joints

A study [1. Minimizing the source of nociception and its concurrent effect on sensory hypersensitivity: An exploratory study in chronic whiplash patients] of sensory hypersensitivity in patients suffering from chronic whiplash associated disorder…
arthritic changes, lumbar models, cervical models
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Arthritic Changes Related to Age and Sex – Histology and Modeling

Arthritic changes are very common. They are often related to a person's pain with neck pain as one of the highest ranked common causes of disability. In this specific research article [1. Histological Osteoarthritic Changes in the Human Cervical…
Facet Joints, GAG, Annulus Fibrosus, Torsion
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Study Finds Annulus Fibrosus GAG Content Alters the Mechanics of Disc Torsion

A recent study evaluated the role of facet joints in torsion using four different compressive preload conditions in healthy and degenerated lumbar discs—with, and without facet joints. The study also sought to develop a quantitative relationship…