Our lumbar models are identical in size and geometry to a real cadaveric specimen. With careful construction of the soft tissues including a flexible intervertebral disc including an annulus fibrosus and a nucleus puplosus,  each model is meticulously hand-crafted to provide the most accurate modeling to help the musculoskeletal practitioner to engage with patients in a convincing way.

Lumbar models have historically been static and immobile, but at Dynamic Disc Designs, we have developed flexible lumbar models to help relay essential movements to the patient related to their pain triggers. Having a patient genuinely understand their body mechanics empowers the patient and improves outcomes.

Patient-centered care must include translational strategies to help a pain sufferer understand their origins. A dynamic lumbar model helps execute efficient and accurate patient education.

Lumbar Foramen
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Study of Human Lumbar Foramen Dimensions During Activity Show Changes are Segment-Dependent

 An in vivo study of cross-sectional lumbar foramen dimensions during a weight-lifting activity showed that all levels of the lumbar intervertebral foramen (LIVF) area decreased, except for the L5-S1 segment during lumbar extension, which had…
Facet Joints, GAG, Annulus Fibrosus, Torsion
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Study Finds Annulus Fibrosus GAG Content Alters the Mechanics of Disc Torsion

A recent study evaluated the role of facet joints in torsion using four different compressive preload conditions in healthy and degenerated lumbar discs—with, and without facet joints. The study also sought to develop a quantitative relationship…
Diurnal Disc - Dynamic Disc Designs
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Herniated Lumbar Disk – Review and Modeling

Published May 5th, 2o16 in the New England Journal of Medicine [1. Richard A. Deyo, M.D., M.P.H., and Sohail K. Mirza, M.D., M.P.H. Herniated Lumbar Intervertebral Disk. The New England Journal of Medicine. May 5, 2016 1763-72] is a review paper…
Radiculopathy, upright mri
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Back pain and radiculopathy – upright mri research

Back pain and radiculopathy is common....very common. Furthermore, it is very common for patients to explain that it 'hurts' more when they are vertical. Then why are we mainly looking at supine MRI for findings? Supine MRI is helpful in ruling…
Disc Protrusion, Pain, sitting, back pain, upright MRI
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Disc Protrusion Seen Sitting – Upright MRI Reveals

Disc protrusion is defined by an extension of nuclear material extending beyond the confines of the annulus (if the base of the material is larger than the material protruding). In the flexed position, the nucleus pulposus is driven backwards…
herniated disc model
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Vertebrae Model Helps in Back Pain Education

No one can truly estimate how many patients walk into chiropractic offices each year complaining of back pain. Chances are that that number soars into the millions…maybe even more. Although chiropractors certainly treat more than just back…
A spine model with grade 1 anterior spondylolisthesis - useful for explaining spinal stenosis symptoms
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Degenerated Spondylolisthesis Model

Degenerated spondylolisthesis is the most common form of spondylolisthesis. This condition is known to lead to spinal stenosis and found quite commonly in the elderly. When revealed by imaging, doctors often have to explain what this means…
Spondylolysis Spondylolisthesis - Dynamic Disc Designs
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Spondylolisthesis Models

Spondylolisthesis is simply the slippage of one vertebra on another. The medical Latin root comes from the Greek root "spondylos" and "listhesis" which means vertebra slippage. They are defined by either a slippage forward, backward or sideways.…
Diurnal Disc - Dynamic Disc Designs
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Diurnal Disc and Symptoms

Back pain can be tricky to figure out but the diurnal disc can elude to the root of the issue if doctors are paying close attention to the history and associated relieving body position. Spinal symptoms are often diurnal. In other words, patients…